Do you take good care of your nails? Do you know what healthy nails should look like? 

Here are some important aspects to keep your nails in great shape. Pay attention to your nails: are they strong and healthy? Are there any bumps, dents or areas with unusual colour or shape? Many such flaws can be prevented with proper care. However, some changes may signal problems that require medical intervention. 

Nails are made up of layered proteins called keratins and are characterised by a smooth surface with no pits or grooves, a uniform colour, and no spots or discolouration.

Occasionally, vertical bumps may appear on the nails, which extend from the cuticle to the tip of the nail. As you age, these bumps become more noticeable. There may also be white lines or spots, which are usually caused by mechanical damage but disappear over time as the nail grows.

Pay attention to signs that may indicate the need to see a dermatologist:

- A change in the colour of the nail, such as discolouration or the appearance of a dark streak underneath.
- A change in the shape of the nail, such as curvature.
- Thinning or thickening of the nail.
- Separation of the nail from the nail bed.
- Bleeding around the nail.
- Inflammation or pain around the nail.
- Cessation of nail growth. 

To keep your nails looking flawless, follow these helpful tips:

- Keep your nails clean and dry to avoid bacteria breeding underneath.
- Avoid prolonged contact with water as this can cause nails to become brittle.
- Use cotton-lined rubber gloves when washing dishes, cleaning or handling chemicals.
- Keep your nails hygienic. Trim them with sharp stainless steel manicure scissors, cutting the nails straight to prevent ingrowth.
- Apply moisturiser not only on your hands but also on the cuticle area to keep them in good condition.
- Use special products to strengthen your nails.
- Some studies show that biotin in supplements may help strengthen weak and brittle nails. 

To keep your nails healthy, you should avoid the following:

- Nail biting or pulling out the cuticle - these habits can seriously damage the nail bed. Even a small cut along the nail can become an entryway for bacteria or fungi, leading to infection.

- Tearing off broken nails is a dangerous practice, as doing so can damage not only the nail itself, but also the living tissue. It is better to carefully trim the damaged fragments with quality tools to avoid unnecessary trauma.

- Acetone nail polish removers - they can severely dry out the nails and cuticle, which in the long run can lead to their weakening and brittleness.

- If your nail problem doesn't go away on its own or is accompanied by other worrying symptoms, be sure to see your doctor or dermatologist for a more detailed examination and professional advice. 

If you frequent beauty salons, there are a few important things to consider:

- Use quality manicure and pedicure tools, preferably made of stainless steel.

- Be sure that the master carefully sterilises all tools before use. This will help minimise the risk of infection and ensure your health and safety. 

Read also: How to smooth cuticles at home: a simple but effective micellar water DIY hack